我们在ACCA考试科目F3的学习中经常会遇到一些长相相似但意义截然不同的词组,高顿小编现把它们归纳为F3易混双胞胎系列,通过对比帮助大家更好的理解并记忆。ACCA题库,戳:ACCA题库【手机可刷+全球题库】(按照知识点进行分类配题,有知识点没有搞懂,无法解锁,直至掌握,目前阶段免费)
  owed to vs owed from
  owed to后面跟的是债主,是应该收钱的人;
  owed from后面跟的是欠钱的人;
  e.g.
  He owed money to many people;the number was probably in the thousands.
  Thousands of people were owed money from him.
  他欠了很多人的钱,他的债主可能有几千人。
  due to vs due from
  due to后面跟的是债主,是应该收钱的人;
  due from后面跟的是欠钱的人;
  e.g.
  Have they been paid the money due to them?
  Have they been paid the money due from others?
  他们是否已经得到了别人欠他们的钱?
  ※F3中的due to还有“因为、由于”的意思,表示要寻找原因。
  Due to some errors,the total amount of the trial balance’s debit side was not equaled to the credit side.
  mark up on cost
  vs
  mark up on sales price
  e.g.
  1)A sold goods to B at a price of$10,000.The profit mark-up was 40%on the sales prices.
  mark up on sales price意味着sales=100%,profit=40%,cost=100%-40%=60%
  所以sales=10,000,profit=40%*10,000=4,000,cost=60%*10,000=6,000
  2)A sold goods to B at a price of$10,000.The profit mark-up was 40%on the cost.
  mark up on cost意味着cost=100%,profit=40%,sales=cost+profit=140%
  所以sales=10,000,cost=10,000*100%/140%=7143,profit=10,000*40%/140%=2857
  Invoice vs receipts
  Invoice是发票,是卖方用来提醒买方所须付的金额;
  receipt是收据,也是卖方给买方的。用来证明买方已经付了钱;
  两者间的区别在于:
  invoice是买方还没付款(欠钱)时给的;
  receipt是买方付了钱后给的。
  如果你付了钱后,卖方还说你没付,这时就拿出receipt来证明自己的“清白”。
  e.g.
  1)We will then send you an invoice for the total course fees.
  然后我们会把全部课程费用的发票寄给你。
  2)We will write you a receipt after we receive the money.
  我们收到钱后会给你写一张收钱的收条。
  carriage inward vs carriage outward
  首先carriage意味着是运费,那么我们要分辨inward和outward:
  in代表进入,意味着我们把东西运进来,所以是货物进入企业产生的运费,入成本;
  out代表离去,意味着我们把东西运出去,所以是货物运出企业产生的运费,入费用。
  return inward vs return outward
  首先return意味着是退回,结合上述inward和outward,我们可以总结出:
  Return inward是退回这个动作导致货物进入,表明是作为卖方收到客户退货,所以是销售退货;
  Return outward是退回这个动作导致货物流出,表明是作为买方把货物退给供应商,所以是采购退货。
  debit note vs credit note
  我们F3中学习的debit note是买方申请退货,向卖方发出的凭单;
  credit note是卖方同意退货,向买方发出的凭单。
  在国际业务中,debit note是借记单,表示收款方向缴款方开出的票据,所以是
  收钱方create debit note and invoice付钱方create credit note
  e.g.
  A公司向我买东西,A公司是付款方。我公司开debit note给A公司,可以理解为催款通知书。A公司收到我公司的debit note后,就可以开credit note返回我公司,表示付款通知,我公司收到后开invoice给A公司。
  NRV vs NBV
  Physical count of inventory
  vs
  continuous inventory count
  Physical count of inventory定期盘存制,只记录增加,年末盘点,倒推出减少数
  continuous inventory count永续盘存制,设置数量金额式明细,逐日逐笔登记。ACCA题库,戳:ACCA题库【手机可刷+全球题库】(按照知识点进行分类配题,有知识点没有搞懂,无法解锁,直至掌握,目前阶段免费)
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