Dilutive Securities and Earnings per Share
  Strauch Co. has one class of common stock outstanding and no other securities that are potentially convertible into common stock. During 20x1, 100,000 shares of common stock were outstanding. In 20x2, two distributions of additional common shares occurred: On April 1, 20,000 shares of treasury stock were sold, and on July 1, a 2-for-1 stock split was issued. Net income was $410,000 in 20x2 and $350,000 in 20x1. What amounts should Strauch report as basic earnings per share in its 20x2 and 20x1 comparative income statements?
  20X2          20X1
  A $1.78         $3.50
  B $1.78        $1.75
  C $2.34         $1.75
  D $2.34         $3.50
  回答:这题某辅导机构的教材上给的计算步骤很差,给同学造成了很大的误解,我给它拆开用两种思路来做。
  首先分析题目,要我们做什么的?求BEPS的。脑子里瞬间就要浮现出公式
  Income available to common
  shareholders
  BEPS=  ---------------------------------------------------
  Weighted-average number of common
  shares outstanding
  分子:Income available to common shareholders=Net income -preferred dividends
  分母: Shares outstanding at the beginning of the period
  +Shares sold during the period(on a time-weighted basis)
  -Shares reacquired during the period(on a time-weighted basis)
  +Stock dividends and stock splits(retroactively adjusted)
  -Reverse stock splits(retroactively adjusted)
  --------------------------------------------------------------
  Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the
  entire period
  注意这里标记橙色的部分,即使是在年中时施行了Stock dividends或者stock splits,也当做在1月1号这天施行的来处理。
  还有注意Treasury stock并不是流通股,所以要把它减去,并且要考虑到其流通期间。
  明确了上述公式以后,来分析题目,此题没有涉及到Preferred stock,所以分子部分不用考虑,问题就是出在分母部分   20X2年   4月1号,20000shares of TS were sold   7月1号 a 2-for-1 stock split was issued
  这里注意,2-for-1 stock split虽然是发生在7月1号,但是必须当做在1月1日时发生过了来处理,所以,4月1号的20000shares of TS were sold这个事件也要受到 2-for-1 stock split的影响,切记! 下面我就用两种思路的解法来解答此题。
  方法一 (思路--将所发生的Transaction全部当成单独的个体从产生的那一天到年末为止,分别计算。最后再汇总,注意,虽然20000shares of TS是4月1号出售的,2-for-1 stock split是发生在7月1号,但是前者仍然要受到后者的影响,因为即使是在年中时施行了Stock dividends或者stock splits,也当做在1月1号这天施行的来处理。)
  Dates Number of shares  Fraction  WA
  1/1   100000×2          12/12   200000
  4/1   20000×2      9/12   30000
  ∴WA=200000+30000=230000
  20×2年 $410000÷230000=$1.78
  20×1年 $350000÷200000=$1.75
  ∴答案是B
  方法二(思路--加权平均计算法)
  Dates   Number of shares Fraction   WA
  1/1-3/31  100000×2    3/12  50000
  4/1-12/31 (100000+2)×2  9/12  180000
  ∴WA=200000+30000=230000
  20×2年 $410000÷230000=$1.78
  20×1年 $350000÷200000=$1.75
  ∴答案是B
  考试的时候,碰到这类题,推荐使用方法一,计算方法简单,思绪也不容易乱。加权平均计算法的话,如果发生的事项比较多,还是比较容易出现遗漏和计算Miss的。